Autismo en Niños o Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) cómo también se le conoce, ha tenido un aumento en la prevalencia de Niños en los últimos 20 años, principalmente atribuido a factores ambientales.
Factores que se han relacionado con el aumento del desarrollo tecnológico y la urbanización.
Estudios recientes realizados en colaboración por el Centro de Autismo en el Packard Children’s Hospital y la Universidad de Stanford, muestran evidencia de la intervención temprana como medida preventiva contra los problemas relacionados con los TEA, como el deterioro del lenguaje o el mal funcionamiento de las habilidades de planificación motora.
En esta guía completa y práctica, te compartiremos cómo detectar y actuar oportunamente si sospechas condiciones de Autismo en tu hijo(a).
¿Qué es el Autismo en Niños?
El TEA, es el término general utilizado para referirse al grupo de desórdenes complejos asociados con el desarrollo cerebral, principalmente caracterizados por dificultades en la comunicación verbal y no verbal, falta de atención conjunta, así como la interacción social y el comportamiento.
Este trastorno comienza en los primeros años de la infancia, aproximadamente entre los 2 y 3 años de edad.
Pero en algunos casos los atrasos del desarrollo pueden aparecer antes, siendo posible realizar un diagnóstico a la temprana edad de 18 meses.
A diferencia de otros trastornos, este se distingue por su comportamiento y no en su aspecto físico.
¿Sabías que el Autismo afecta 5 veces más a los Varones que a las Niñas?
Esto podría deberse a que las estructuras cerebrales entre los sexos son diferentes.
Una de ellas es el grosor de la corteza, la capa externa del cerebro que está llena de nervios involucrados en la memoria, el pensamiento, el lenguaje y otras funciones cognitivas superiores.
Mientras que los hombres tienden a tener cortezas más delgadas, las cortezas de las mujeres tienden a ser más gruesas.
Conoce las Señales o Signos de Autismo en Niños.
Este importante resaltar que el Autismo en Niños no tiene un síntoma único u específico.
Sin embargo, hay algunas señales o signos generales que evidencian la presencia de un posible Autismo y que ayudan a identificarlo oportunamente, tales como:
- No hacen contacto físico con sus Padres u otras personas, ya que esto en ocasiones los incomoda.
- No muestran interés a su alrededor y se mantienen quietos durante largo tiempo.
- Conforme pasa el tiempo, se vuelven hiperactivos.
- Presentan dificultades para comer.
- Su comunicación es muy limitada en gestos y expresiones.
Incluso en ocasiones, es posible que los Niños con Autismo no tengan ninguna de las conductas antes mencionadas, o que presenten solo algunas.
El papel de los Padres y Cuidadores en el diagnóstico del Autismo y la búsqueda de tratamiento.
En el artículo publicado «El papel de los padres y cuidadores en el diagnóstico del autismo y la búsqueda de tratamiento», del autor David H. Mandell, menciona que…
Algunos Niños, pueden ser diagnosticados con Autismo cuando son más pequeños que otros niños, porque sus Padres o Cuidadores son más conscientes de este tipo de posibles problemas.
«Esto a menudo se logra a través de una derivación con un Pediatra del Desarrollo (DP) o Psicólogo Escolar, quienes identifican problemas como retrasos en el lenguaje y las habilidades de comunicación, dificultad con las interacciones sociales, falta de contacto visual, intereses y comportamientos de juego inapropiados».
Mandell afirma que para hacer un diagnóstico preciso, es importante que los Especialistas Pediátricos y los Psicólogos tengan información sobre el historial de desarrollo del Niño.
Conclusiones.
Es importante mencionar que el Autismo en Niños, cada Niño Autista experimenta dicho padecimiento de manera diferente.
Sus necesidades pueden cambiar y evolucionar con el tiempo, así como su manera de comunicarse, pensar e interactuar.
Entender y comprender cómo aprenden los Niños con Autismo, es fundamental para poder tomar las medidas adecuadas y hacer los cambios y adaptaciones necesarias para ayudarles.
Las formas en la que aprenden, piensan y resuelven problemas puede variar desde habilidades excelentes hasta personas con dificultades graves.
Algunos pueden requerir un apoyo significativo para su vida diaria, mientras que otros pueden vivir de forma más independiente y necesitar menos ayuda.
Si tienes inquietudes acerca de cómo tu hijo juega, aprende, habla, actúa o se mueve, en nuestro Centro Pediátrico Integral Mis Primeros Mil Días te podemos asistir.
Contamos con Médicos Especialistas Infantiles expertos en la valoración y el tratamiento del Autismo en Niños.
Para reservar tu cita con cualquiera de ellos, puedes hacerlo haciendo clic en el botón que aparece aquí abajo:
Recuerda que actuar a tiempo, puede marcar una gran diferencia en el desarrollo de tu hijo.
¡Reserva tu cita con nosotros hoy mismo! Te esperamos.
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